🌍 World Hepatitis Day 📅 28 July 2025

What is Hepatitis?

Hepatitis is a silent killer—an inflammation of the liver caused by viral infections. If left undiagnosed and untreated, it can lead to serious outcomes like liver cirrhosis, liver cancer, liver failure, and even death. Types B, C, and D, in particular, may result in chronic infection, while A and E typically lead to acute but self‑resolving illness .

How Many Types Are There?

There are five main types of viral hepatitis:

Hepatitis A

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

Hepatitis D

Hepatitis E


Hepatitis A and E are generally transmitted via contaminated food or water—common in areas with poor sanitation.
Hepatitis B, C, and D spread through blood or bodily fluids: unsafe injections, unprotected sex, contaminated medical equipment, or mother‑to‑child transmission .

Historical Background

The first cases of hepatitis date back decades, but Hepatitis B and C were identified between the 1960s and 1980s.

World Hepatitis Day (28 July) is held on the birthday of Dr. Baruch Blumberg, who discovered Hepatitis B virus and developed its vaccine—earning a Nobel Prize .


Why 28 July Matters in 2025

This year marks the 15th anniversary of World Hepatitis Day, officially established by a resolution passed at the 63rd World Health Assembly in 2010. Its aim: unified global awareness on hepatitis prevention, testing, and treatment .

The 2025 theme, “Let’s Break It Down”, urges nations and communities to dismantle financial, social, and systemic barriers that hinder elimination of hepatitis and liver cancer prevention .


Global Prevalence and Impact

Over 300 million people worldwide live with chronic Hepatitis B or C, often without knowing it .

In 2022 alone, 1.3 million people died from hepatitis-related liver disease and cancer—exceeding deaths from HIV, TB, or malaria in some regions .


Regions like Africa, South Asia, the EU/EEA, and countries like Indonesia, Nigeria, and the Philippines carry the heavier burden. Alarmingly, in the EU/EEA over 60% of Hepatitis B and C cases remain undiagnosed .

Symptoms and Warning Signs

Often, hepatitis shows no symptoms initially—described as a “silent epidemic.” When symptoms appear, they may include:

Fatigue, weakness

Reduced appetite, nausea

Abdominal pain

Jaundice (yellow skin or eyes)

Dark urine

Joint and muscle pain


Early testing is crucial—even asymptomatic individuals can transmit the virus and benefit from early treatment.


Prevention: The Power of Vaccination and Awareness

💉 Vaccines

Hepatitis A and B vaccines are highly effective. In many countries, Hep B vaccination is recommended within 24 hours of birth—preventing lifetime infection and even liver cancer .

Hepatitis D only infects those already positive for Hep B—so Hep B immunization indirectly protects against Hep D as well .

No vaccine exists yet for Hepatitis C or E, so prevention focuses on hygiene, avoiding contaminated food, and safe injection practices .


🔍 Testing and Early Detection

Millions remain undiagnosed. WHO urges universal screening, particularly in high-risk groups: people born between 1945–1965, injection drug users, healthcare workers, blood transfusion recipients, pregnant women, and those from endemic regions .

🚫 Safe Behavior & Hygiene

Avoid sharing needles, razors, or toothbrushes

Always use sterile equipment for tattoos or medical procedures

Practice safe sex with condoms

Ensure clean food and water, especially for A and E prevention

Handwashing before and after meals, after using the bathroom .


Treatment and Care

Acute Hepatitis

Hepatitis A and E typically resolve on their own with rest, hydration, and proper nutrition.

Supportive care is essential; most recover fully within weeks and develop immunity .


Chronic Hepatitis B

Treatment involves long-term antiviral therapy (e.g., tenofovir, entecavir) to suppress virus and prevent liver damage.

Medications do not cure Hep B entirely, but significantly reduce complications when monitored regularly. In severe cases, liver transplantation may be required .


Chronic Hepatitis C

A groundbreaking advance: over 95% of Hepatitis C cases can now be cured with direct‑acting antiviral (DAA) medications in 8–12 weeks ⟶ a true medical milestone .


Hepatitis D

Only infects those with Hep B. Treatments are evolving; interferon therapy helps some patients, but newer approaches are in trial—and WHO has now officially classified Hep D as a carcinogen, underscoring urgency .


Dispel the Myths

Misconceptions around hepatitis delay diagnosis and treatment:

Myth: Hepatitis is always caused by alcohol or contaminated food.
Fact: B & C transmit via blood and bodily fluids; A & E via food/water—distinct routes .

Myth: A Hepatitis diagnosis is a death sentence.
Fact: Hep C is curable; Hep B manageable with antivirals—with timely care many live full lives .

Myth: Tattooing, piercing, or minor procedures are harmless.
Fact: Without proper sterilization, they can transmit hepatitis viruses

Global Call to Action in 2025

This World Hepatitis Day, WHO urges global health authorities and governments to escalate action toward elimination by 2030:

Integrate vaccination, testing, and treatment into national healthcare systems

Remove financial, social, and structural barriers like stigma, lack of awareness, or limited resources

Address regional disparities: high burdens in rural areas of Africa, Asia, and EU/EEA .


Local initiatives are underway worldwide: awareness camps, screening drives, and medical training, especially in countries like India, to empower public health professionals and improve screening capacity .

Islamic Perspective & Moral Reminder

Islam emphasizes personal and communal hygiene, with the Prophet ﷺ teaching:

> “Purity is half of faith.”



Protecting oneself from illness is part of worship. Taking preventive measures, seeking timely vaccination, and ensuring clean food and safe medical practices reflect responsible faith—and help save lives.


🧭 Summary: What You Can Do Today

Action Description

💉 Get vaccinated Especially for Hep A & B (including birth‑dose for newborns)
🩸 Get tested Particularly if you're in a high-risk group or asymptomatic
🚫 Practice safe behaviors Avoid sharing needles, use sterilized equipment, safe sex
🚰 Maintain hygiene Use clean water, wash hands, ensure food safety
🩺 Access treatment Antiviral therapy for B, curative DAAs for C
🌐 Spread awareness Help break stigma, support public health campaigns


Final Thought

No one should suffer unknowingly. With over 1.3 million deaths annually, and the promise of vaccines, diagnostics, and cures, hepatitis elimination is possible—if we act now.
“We can’t wait.” Let’s break down the silence, the barriers, and the fear to ensure a hepatitis-free future for all.